Kumdo

Kumdo (Korean: 검도; lit. the way of the sword) is a modern Korean martial art derived from kendo, the Japanese discipline of swordsmanship. The name is also romanized as Kŏmdo, Keomdo, Gumdo, and Geomdo.

Kumdo, commonly translated as "the way of the sword," encompasses various sword-based martial arts influenced by both Korean and Japanese traditions. Among these, Haidong Gumdo, a popular style in Korea, emphasizes broad, flowing sword movements intended to replicate ancient battlefield techniques, in contrast to kendo’s focus on precision and controlled strikes. According to Boye Lafayette De Mente in Korean Mind, kumdo’s philosophy reflects Confucian principles of discipline and respect, embodying cultural values shared by both Korea and Japan.

Since its introduction from Japan, kumdo has been widely integrated into Korean culture and society. Over time, the term "kumdo" has evolved into a broader label encompassing Korean martial arts rooted in swordsmanship. It can refer to the competitive, sport-oriented practice similar to Japanese kendo, as well as other martial forms such as Haidong Gumdo and Hankumdo.

Although closely related to kendo, Korean kumdo has distinct characteristics shaped by cultural adaptation. Notable differences include the use of native Korean terminology, blue flags for referees instead of red, and slight modifications to the uniform. These distinctions reflect kumdo’s development as a unique martial art within Korea.