Kwŏnŏphoe

Kwŏnŏphoe, name sometimes translated as Work Promotion Association or Association for the Encouragement of Industry, was a Korean diaspora organization in Primorskaya Oblast, Russian Empire from 1911 to 1914.

The group was a secret hub for the Korean independence movement, and operated the militant Korean Independence Army Government: the first Korean government-in-exile during the 1910–1945 Japanese colonial period. While in the midst of training an army it was building, it was suddenly forcefully closed upon the beginning of World War I. Russia and Japan both joined the Allies, and created an agreement to suppress Korean independence activists.

The group holds an important place in Korean history, and had many significant members and successor organizations. Its Korean Independence Army government was later succeeded by the National Assembly, then by the Korean Provisional Government, then by South Korea. Its newspaper, Kwŏnŏp sinmun, was considered a significant publication for the Korean diaspora at the time.