Economy of Kyrgyzstan

Economy of Kyrgyzstan
	Bishkek
Currency	Kyrgyz som (KGS)
Fiscal year	calendar year
Trade organisations	WTO, EAEU, OTS, CIS, ECO, SCO, CISFTA
Country group	Developing/Emerging; Lower-middle income economy;
Statistics
Population	7.3 million (2025)
GDP	$17.5 billion (nominal, 2024); $19.9 billion (nominal, 2025 est.); $63.5 billion (PPP, 2025 est.);
GDP rank	124th (nominal, 2025 est.); 121th (PPP, 2025 est.);
GDP growth	9% (2022); 9% (2023); 9% (2024); IMF: 6.7% (2025 est.); ADB: 8.5% (2025 est.); Jan-May 2025: 12.3%; 8.6% (2026 est.);
GDP per capita	$2,424 (nominal, 2024); $2,750 (nominal, 2025 est.); $8,780 (PPP, 2025 est.);
GDP per capita rank	139th (nominal, 2025); 129th (PPP, 2025);
GDP by sector	Agriculture: 9%; Industry: 25%; Services: 52%; (2024);
Inflation (CPI)	5% (2024)
Population below poverty line	4.4% on less than $3.65/day (2024)
Gini coefficient	26.4 low (2022)
Human Development Index	0.720 high (2023) (117th); 0.649 medium IHDI (2023, 71nd rank);
Corruption Perceptions Index	25 out of 100 points (2024, 146th rank)
Labour force	3.2 million (2024); 67% employment rate (2024);
Unemployment	4% (2024);
Main industries	mining, hydropower, textiles, food processing, chemicals, construction
External
Exports	$3.8 billion (2024)
Export goods	gold, clothing and footwear, foodstuffs, coal, copper ore, refined petroleum, vehicles and auto parts, electronics
Main export partners	United Kingdom 31%; Russia 27%; Kazakhstan 10.9%; Uzbekistan 9.1%; Hong Kong 3.4%; UAE 3.1%; China 3.2%; Türkiye 2.7%; (2024);
Imports	$12.5 billion (2024)
Import goods	refined petroleum, iron and steel products, chemicals, foodstuffs, vehicles and auto parts, electronics
Main import partners	China 44.6%; Russia 20.6%; Kazakhstan 7.5%; Uzbekistan 4.1%; South Korea 3.5%; Türkiye 3%; USA 2.1%; Germany 2.1%; (2024);
FDI stock	$1 billion (2024);
Current account	8% of GDP (2024)
Gross external debt	$4.5 billion (2024)
Public finances
Government debt	$6.6 billion (2024)
Foreign reserves	$5.75 billion (2025)
Budget balance	fiscal surplus of 2.5% of GDP (2024)
Revenues	$5.34 billion (2024)
Expenses	$4.9 billion (2024)
Credit rating	Standard & Poor's:; B+ stable, March 2025; Fitch:; B stable, April 2025; Moody’s:; B3 stable, May 2025;
	All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.

The economy of Kyrgyzstan is market-oriented, with trade, light manufacturing, mining, and agriculture as its main drivers. Since independence, Kyrgyzstan has maintained a more open and liberalized approach than its Central Asian peers, imposing fewer restrictions on private enterprise. Though landlocked and classified as lower-middle-income, the country has abundant natural resources and significant potential in hydropower, logistics, and tourism.

Mining — particularly gold extraction — plays a central role in the Kyrgyz economy. The state-owned Kumtor gold mine is one of the largest gold deposits in the region. Beyond gold, Kyrgyzstan is rich in critical raw materials essential for modern technologies, including substantial reserves of antimony — a key mineral for the electronics and defense industries.

The services sector, especially trade and transportation, has expanded steadily, bolstered by deepening economic ties with China. Following the 2022 sanctions on Russia, several regional supply routes were redirected through Kyrgyzstan, providing a major boost to its economy. The country sustained strong annual GDP growth of 9% in each of the years 2022, 2023, and 2024. These developments underscore Kyrgyzstan’s growing strategic importance in Central Asia and its emerging role in regional trade and infrastructure networks. The government has launched several major infrastructure projects, notably the Kambar-Ata 1 Hydropower Plant and the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway — a key component of the Belt and Road Initiative — both of which will transform the country’s economic landscape.

Kyrgyzstan’s long-term growth is supported by favorable demographics: the population has grown by 2% annually over the past decade, reaching 7.3 million in 2025. Limited domestic employment opportunities continue to drive labor migration, primarily to Russia. On the positive side, the economy’s reliance on remittances — now around 14.6% of GDP — has declined significantly from a peak of 33%, indicating growing internal economic resilience.