LGBTQ rights in Ghana

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBTQ) people in Ghana face severe challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Sexual acts between males have been illegal as "unnatural carnal knowledge" in Ghana since the colonial era. The majority of Ghana's population hold anti-LGBTQ sentiments. Physical and violent homophobic attacks against LGBTQ people occur, and are often encouraged by the media and religious and political leaders. At times, government officials, such as police, engage in such acts of violence. Young gay people are known to be disowned by their families and communities and evicted from their homes. Families often seek conversion therapy from religious groups when same-sex orientation or non-conforming gender identity is disclosed; such "therapy" is reported to be commonly administered in abusive and inhumane settings.

Despite the constitution guaranteeing a right to freedom of speech, expression and assembly to Ghanaian citizens, these fundamental rights are actively denied to LGBTQ people. Pro-LGBTQ activism exists in Ghana, but such efforts are often thwarted by the Ghanaian government. Despite this, by 2016 attitudes in Ghana towards homosexuality were evolving and becoming more tolerant and accepting of LGBTQ rights. This situation deteriorated sharply in 2021.

In February 2024, with the support of the country's two major political parties, the Parliament of Ghana unanimously passed the Human Sexual Rights and Family Values Bill to criminalize identifying as LGBTQ in Ghana, with penalties of up to three years in prison. Funding or forming a LGBT-related group would be punished by up to five years in prison. The bill was forwarded to president Nana Akufo-Addo, who had said that if most Ghanaians wanted the legislation, he would not oppose it. However, he delayed signing it as two legal challenges were taken up by the Supreme Court. In December, the Supreme Court rejected both cases.