Leonid Kravchuk
Leonid Kravchuk | |
|---|---|
Леонід Кравчук | |
Kravchuk in 1991 | |
| 1st President of Ukraine | |
| In office 5 December 1991 – 19 July 1994 Acting: 24 August – 5 December 1991 | |
| Prime Minister | |
| Preceded by | Mykola Plaviuk (as the last President in exile) Himself (as Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada) |
| Succeeded by | Leonid Kuchma |
| 1st Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada | |
| In office 24 August 1991 – 5 December 1991 | |
| Preceded by | Himself (as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet) |
| Succeeded by | Ivan Plyushch |
| Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR | |
| In office 23 July 1990 – 24 August 1991 | |
| Preceded by | Vladimir Ivashko Ivan Plyushch (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Himself (as Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and President of Ukraine) |
| Member of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of Ukraine | |
| In office 4 June 1988 – 5 December 1990 | |
| People's Deputy of Ukraine | |
| In office 15 May 1990 – 5 December 1991 | |
| Constituency | Vinnytsia Oblast, No. 39 (1990–1991) |
| In office 25 September 1994 – 25 May 2006 | |
| Constituency | Ternopil Oblast, No. 364 (1994–1998) SDPU(o), No. 1 (1998–2002) SDPU(o), No. 5 (2002–2006) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 10 January 1934 Żytyń Wielki, Wołyń Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic (now Velykyi Zhytyn, Rivne Oblast, Ukraine) |
| Died | 10 May 2022 (aged 88) Munich, Bavaria, Germany |
| Resting place | Baikove Cemetery, Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Political party | Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) (1994–2009) |
| Other political affiliations | Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1958–1991) Independent (1991–1994) |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 1 |
| Residence(s) | Koncha-Zaspa, Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Alma mater | Kyiv State University (1958) Academy of Social Sciences of the CPSU (1970) |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Signature | |
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Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk (Ukrainian: Леонід Макарович Кравчук, IPA: [leoˈn⁽ʲ⁾id mɐˈkɑrowɪtʃ krɐu̯ˈtʃuk]; 10 January 1934 – 10 May 2022) was a Ukrainian politician and the first president of Ukraine, serving from 5 December 1991 until 19 July 1994. In 1992, he signed the Lisbon Protocol, undertaking to give up Ukraine's nuclear arsenal. He was also the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and a People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) faction.
After a political crisis involving the president and the prime minister, Kravchuk resigned from the presidency, but ran for a second term as president in 1994. He was defeated by his former prime minister, Leonid Kuchma, who then served as president for two terms. After his presidency, Kravchuk remained active in Ukrainian politics, serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine in the Verkhovna Rada and the leader of the parliamentary group of Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) from 2002 to 2006.