Iodized oil
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Lipiodol, Ethiodol, Vividol |
| Other names | ethiodized oil, ethyl esters of iodised fatty acids |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| License data | |
| Routes of administration | by mouth, injection (IM, intralymphatic, intrauterine, selective hepatic intra-arterial) |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.122.502 |
Iodized oil, also known as ethiodized oil, brand name Lipiodol, is a medication derived from poppyseed oil and iodine. When given by injection, it is a radio-opaque contrast agent that is used to outline structures in radiological investigations. When given orally or by intramuscular injection once or twice a year, it prevents endemic goitre in remote communities. It has an additional use in gastric variceal obliteration as a dilutant that does not affect polymerization of cyanoacrylate.
When used as tissue contrast, iodized oil has a risk of entering the vein and causing embolism in the brain and lungs. There is a boxed warning referring to the risk of embolism. Use as iodine supplementation is recommended in regions where deficiency is common, otherwise it is not recommended. It should not be used for hysterosalpingography in pregnancy.
Iodized oil was first made in 1901 by Marcel Guerbet and Laurent Lafay. Originally used to treat iodine deficiency, it was identified as an effective radiocontrast in 1921 by Sicard and Forestier, before returning as a tool to treat iodine deficiency in goiter eradication campaigns of the 1980s. Under the name "iodine", iodized oil is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, in liquid and capsule form.