List of French inventions and discoveries

France has made numerous contributions to scientific and technological development throughout its history. Royal patronage during the Kingdom era, coupled with the establishment of academic institutions, fostered early scientific inquiry. The 18th-century Enlightenment, characterized by its emphasis on reason and empirical observation, propelled the progress.: 8–9  While the French Revolution caused periods of instability, it spurred developments such as the standardization of the metric system.: 24–29  Pioneering contributions include the work of Nicéphore Niépce and Louis Daguerre in photography, advancements in aviation by figures like Clément Ader, foundational research in nuclear physics by Henri Becquerel and Marie Curie, and in immunology by Louis Pasteur. This list showcases notable examples.

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