Lithuania–Russia relations

Lithuania–Russia relations or the Russo-Lithuanian relations are the bilateral relations between the Republic of Lithuania and the Russian Federation. They have been marked by a long and turbulent history dating back to the Middle Ages. The modern-day relations have been mostly hostile. The two countries share a common border through Kaliningrad Oblast. Lithuania has an embassy in Moscow with consulates in Kaliningrad and in Sovetsk, whereas Russia has an embassy in Vilnius.

Despite today's difference in population and area between the countries, Lithuania (also as part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) and Russia (including its predecessor Principality of Moscow) were more equal regional powers in the past, competing for supremacy in Eastern Europe. The two states fought numerous wars, with Lithuania controlling sizeable parts of modern-day Russia in the Late Middle Ages, and Russia controlling the bulk of Lithuania in the late modern period.

In response to 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and the Bucha massacre, in April 2022, Lithuania downgraded the diplomatic relations and expelled the Russian ambassador. As of 2022, the relations between the countries have been reduced to the bare minimum.