Luxembourg question

The Luxembourg question was the political tension surrounding the (Grand) Duchy of Luxembourg, particularly in the 19th century, but also earlier in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period, when the present-day territory of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg was ruled by different dynasties. The issue at stake in the Luxembourg question was the territorial affiliation and independence of Luxembourg, which was located between the Netherlands, France, Belgium and Germany.

Overall, the years 1815, 1830/1839, 1867, 1870/71 and the years between 1912 and 1919 were the high points of the Luxembourg question. However, the Duchy of Luxembourg, which was independent until the late Middle Ages, was under the rule of the Luxembourg dynasty until it died out and a phase of constant changes of rule began, so that the Luxembourg question had a certain prehistory.