Martin v. United States

Martin v. United States
Argued April 29, 2025
Decided June 12, 2025
Full case nameCurtrina Martin, et al., v. United States of America, et al.
Docket no.24-362
ArgumentOral argument
Opinion announcementOpinion announcement
Holding
(1) The law enforcement proviso overrides only the intentional-tort exception of the Federal Tort Claims Act, not the discretionary-function exception or other exceptions. (2) The Supremacy Clause does not afford the United States a defense in FTCA suits. (3) On remand, the Eleventh Circuit should consider whether the discretionary function exception bars either the plaintiffs' negligent- or intentional-tort claims.
Court membership
Chief Justice
John Roberts
Associate Justices
Clarence Thomas · Samuel Alito
Sonia Sotomayor · Elena Kagan
Neil Gorsuch · Brett Kavanaugh
Amy Coney Barrett · Ketanji Brown Jackson
Case opinions
MajorityGorsuch, joined by unanimous
ConcurrenceSotomayor, joined by Jackson
Laws applied
Federal Torts Claims Act

Martin v. United States, 605 U.S. ___ (2025), is a U.S. Supreme Court decision regarding the limitations of the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), a federal law which allows private parties to sue the federal government for torts committed by people acting on behalf of the federal government.

On October 18, 2017, a team of SWAT agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation raided the home of Trina Martin, her partner at the time Toi Cliatt, and Martin's 7-year-old son. The agents forcefully entered the house with guns drawn using a battering ram and flash grenades. After handcuffing Cliatt and questioning him, the agents realized they had entered the wrong house by mistake. They had intended to arrest a suspected gang member who lived nearby.

In 2019, Martin and Cliatt sued the federal government under the FTCA for the wrong-house raid. A federal judge initially dismissed the case, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit upheld that dismissal, holding that the FTCA's "discretionary-function exception", as well as the Constitution's Supremacy Clause, prevents Martin and Cliatt from bringing their claims under the FTCA. The Supreme Court granted certiorari on January 27, 2025. The court heard oral arguments on April 29, 2025. The Supreme Court ruled unanimously for the petitioner, and the decision was remanded and vacated.