Nitrazepam

Nitrazepam
Clinical data
Trade names	Alodorm, Apodorm, Arem, Cerson, Insoma, Insomin, Mogadon, Nitrados, Nitrazadon, Nitrosun, Nitravet, Ormodon, Paxadorm, Remnos, Epam, and Somnite
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Dependence; liability	Physical: High Psychological: Moderate
Addiction; liability	Moderate
Routes of; administration	Oral
ATC code	N05CD02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs); CA: Schedule IV; DE: Prescription only (Anlage III for higher doses); UN: Psychotropic Schedule IV;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	53–94%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	16–38 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 7-nitro-5-phenyl-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one;
CAS Number	146-22-5 ;
PubChem CID	4506;
DrugBank	DB01595 ;
ChemSpider	4350 ;
UNII	9CLV70W7HS;
KEGG	D00531 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:7581 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL13209 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5023372 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.005.151
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C15H11N3O3
Molar mass	281.271 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES [O-][N+](C1=CC2=C(C=C1)NC(CN=C2C3=CC=CC=C3)=O)=O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H11N3O3/c19-14-9-16-15(10-4-2-1-3-5-10)12-8-11(18(20)21)6-7-13(12)17-14/h1-8H,9H2,(H,17,19) ; Key:KJONHKAYOJNZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Nitrazepam, sold under the brand name Mogadon among others, is a hypnotic drug of the benzodiazepine class used for short-term relief from severe, disabling anxiety and insomnia. It also has sedative (calming) properties, as well as amnestic (inducing forgetfulness), anticonvulsant, and skeletal muscle relaxant effects.

It was first synthesized in the late 1950s by a team of researchers at Hoffmann-La Roche in Switzerland. It was patented in 1961 and came into medical use in 1965.