Moxifloxacin

Moxifloxacin
Clinical data
Trade names	Avelox, Vigamox, Moxiflox, others
Other names	Moxifloxacine; BAY 12-8039
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a600002
License data	US FDA: Moxifloxacin;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B3;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, intravenous, eye drops
Drug class	Antibiotic (fluoroquinolone)
ATC code	J01MA14 (WHO) S01AE07 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	86%
Protein binding	47%
Metabolism	Glucuronide and sulfate conjugation; CYP450Tooltip cytochrome P450 system not involved
Elimination half-life	12.1 hours
Excretion	Urine, feces
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-Cyclopropyl-7-[(1S,6S)-2,8-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-8-yl]-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid;
CAS Number	151096-09-2 [yes];
PubChem CID	152946;
DrugBank	DB00218 ;
ChemSpider	134802 ;
UNII	U188XYD42P;
KEGG	D08237; as HCl: D00874;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL32 ;
NIAID ChemDB	070017;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3048491 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.129.459
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C21H24FN3O4
Molar mass	401.438 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES COc1c2c(cc(c1N3C[C@@H]4CCCN[C@@H]4C3)F)c(=O)c(cn2C5CC5)C(=O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C21H24FN3O4/c1-29-20-17-13(19(26)14(21(27)28)9-25(17)12-4-5-12)7-15(22)18(20)24-8-11-3-2-6-23-16(11)10-24/h7,9,11-12,16,23H,2-6,8,10H2,1H3,(H,27,28)/t11-,16+/m0/s1 ; Key:FABPRXSRWADJSP-MEDUHNTESA-N ;
	(verify)

Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic, used to treat bacterial infections, including pneumonia, conjunctivitis, endocarditis, tuberculosis, and sinusitis. It can be given by mouth, by injection into a vein, and as an eye drop.

Common side effects include diarrhea, dizziness, and headache. Severe side effects may include spontaneous tendon ruptures, nerve damage, and worsening of myasthenia gravis. Safety of use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is unclear. Moxifloxacin is in the fluoroquinolone family of medications. It usually kills bacteria by blocking their ability to duplicate DNA.

Moxifloxacin was patented in 1988 and approved for use in the United States in 1999. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. In 2022, it was the 273rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 800,000 prescriptions.