National Socialist Council of Nagaland

The National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) is a Naga militant and separatist group operating mainly in northeastern part of India, with minor activities in northwest Myanmar. The main aim of the organisation is reportedly to establish the country of Nagalim, a sovereign Naga state, which would consist of all the areas inhabited by Naga tribes in Northeast India and northwest Myanmar. Despite the name, the group does not endorse the ideology of "National Socialism" (often referred to as "Nazism") as practiced by Nazi Germany. Rather, the group's name is derived from their belief in the nationalist goal of a sovereign Naga state, combined with their belief in socialism. Due to the area the Naga traditionally inhabit being relatively isolated, the combination of the terms "nationalism" and "socialism" together do not have the same association with Nazism as it does in the Western world. India claims that China and Pakistan provide financial support and weaponry to the NSCN. Drug trafficking and extortion are believed to be other major sources of income for the NSCN.

There are two major factions of the NSCN, NSCN-K, which was led by S. S. Khaplang, and NSCN-IM, which was led by Isak Chishi Swu and Thuingaleng Muivah. Smaller factions comprise the rest of the NSCN. In 2015, in response to an attack on an army convoy in Manipur, India designated the NSCN-K as a terrorist organization under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act. India's Ministry of Home Affairs labels NSCN a major insurgent group.