Nickel tetracarbonyl

Nickel tetracarbonyl
Names
	IUPAC name Tetracarbonylnickel
	Other names Nickel tetracarbonyl; Nickel carbonyl (1:4)
Identifiers
CAS Number	13463-39-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	6122797
ChEBI	CHEBI:30372 ;
ChemSpider	24253 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.322
EC Number	236-669-2;
Gmelin Reference	3135
PubChem CID	26039;
RTECS number	QR6300000;
UNII	1ZYL78UWZN;
UN number	1259
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0024212 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/4CO.Ni/c41-2; Key: AWDHUGLHGCVIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/4CO.Ni/c41-2;/rC4NiO4/c6-1-5(2-7,3-8)4-9 Key: AWDHUGLHGCVIEG-ARWXMKMZAJ;
	SMILES [O+]#C[Ni-4](C#[O+])(C#[O+])C#[O+];
Properties
Chemical formula	Ni(CO)4
Molar mass	170.73 g/mol
Appearance	colorless liquid
Odor	musty, like brick dust
Density	1.319 g/cm3
Melting point	−17.2 °C (1.0 °F; 256.0 K)
Boiling point	43 °C (109 °F; 316 K)
Solubility in water	0.018 g/100 mL (10 °C)
Solubility	miscible in most organic solvents ; soluble in nitric acid, aqua regia
Vapor pressure	315 mmHg (20 °C)
Viscosity	3.05 x 10−4 Pa s
Structure
Coordination geometry	Tetrahedral
Molecular shape	Tetrahedral
Dipole moment	zero
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	320 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−632 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−1180 kJ/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Potential occupational carcinogen
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Hazard statements	H225, H300, H301, H304, H310, H330, H351, H360D, H410
Precautionary statements	P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P271, P273, P280, P281, P284, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P308+P313, P310, P320, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 3 3
Flash point	4 °C (39 °F; 277 K)
Autoignition; temperature	60 °C (140 °F; 333 K)
Explosive limits	2–34%
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LC50 (median concentration)	266 ppm (cat, 30 min); 35 ppm (rabbit, 30 min); 94 ppm (mouse, 30 min); 10 ppm (mouse, 10 min)
LCLo (lowest published)	360 ppm (dog, 90 min); 30 ppm (human, 30 min); 42 ppm (rabbit, 30 min); 7 ppm (mouse, 30 min)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.001 ppm (0.007 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.001 ppm (0.007 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [2 ppm]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0064
Related compounds
Related metal carbonyls	Chromium hexacarbonyl; Molybdenum hexacarbonyl; Tungsten hexacarbonyl; Seaborgium hexacarbonyl; Vanadium hexacarbonyl; Dimanganese decacarbonyl; Dirhenium decacarbonyl; Iron pentacarbonyl; Diiron nonacarbonyl; Triruthenium dodecacarbonyl; Triosmium dodecacarbonyl; Dicobalt octacarbonyl; Tetrarhodium dodecacarbonyl; Tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Nickel carbonyl (IUPAC name: tetracarbonylnickel) is a nickel(0) organometallic compound with the formula Ni(CO)₄. This colorless liquid is the principal carbonyl of nickel. It is an intermediate in the Mond process for producing very high-purity nickel and a reagent in organometallic chemistry, although the Mond Process has fallen out of common usage due to the health hazards in working with the compound. Nickel carbonyl is one of the most dangerous substances yet encountered in nickel chemistry due to its very high toxicity, compounded with high volatility and rapid skin absorption.