Nitrotriazolone
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
5-nitro-1,2-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| Abbreviations | NTO |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.012.050 |
| EC Number |
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| MeSH | C420648 |
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 0490 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C2H2N4O3 | |
| Molar mass | 130.063 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Off white, yellowish beige color to light yellow powder, crystals, or prills |
| Odor | Odourless |
| Density | 1.9 g/cm3 (20 °C) |
| Melting point | 268–271 °C (514–520 °F; 541–544 K) |
| 17,200 mg/L | |
| Solubility | Soluble in acetone, ethyl acetate Slightly soluble in dichloromethane |
| log P | −1.699 (22 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.76 (20 °C) |
| Explosive data | |
| Shock sensitivity | Very low |
| Friction sensitivity | Very low |
| Detonation velocity | 8,500 m/s |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
124.5 J/K at (47 °C) |
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−934.4 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H209, H223, H242, H301, H313, H315, H319, H333, H335 | |
| P210, P220, P260, P262, P270, P280 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
Nitrotriazolone (NTO) is a heterocyclic semicarbazide-derived high explosive first identified in 1905, but research into its explosive properties was not conducted until the 1980s. NTO is currently being used by the US Army in munitions, specifically Insensitive munitions replacing those made with legacy explosives.
Nitrotriazolone is getting progressively adopted in novel explosive formulations, such as IMX-101, a new, safer alternative to TNT specially devised in 2010 by BAE Systems, where it is combined with 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and nitroguanidine. As such, NTO is found in the vast majority of IMX formulations. The Picatinny Arsenal has also adopted the implementation of NTO and DNAN in many of their likewise newly developed insensitive explosive mixtures, which share many of the same applications of the IMXs.