List of North Korean missile tests
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North Korea has tested numerous missiles since 1984. North Korea has tested short-range ballistic missile (SRBMs), intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBMs), intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), maneuverable reentry vehicles (MaRV) ballistic missiles, and cruise missiles. Some North Korean missile tests have failed (i.e., with an explosion in flight), while others have been successful. North Korea claimed to have tested a hypersonic weapon for the first time in 2021 and several times thereafter, although it is unclear whether it actually did so.
North Korea has fired a number of SRBMs into the Sea of Japan, in what have been interpreted as political gestures.
North Korea established its Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground in 1984 and began tests of strategic missiles. Fifteen were carried out under the rule of Kim Il Sung; fourteen of these were carried out at Tonghae. After his death in 1994, he was succeeded by his son Kim Jong Il, who paused testing for four years before resuming in 1998 with a test of the Taepodong-1 missile. Following an international backlash, Kim Jong Il paused testing again before lifting the moratorium in 2006. Ultimately, 16 missile tests were undertaken under Kim Jong Il, mostly at the Kittaeryong site near Wonsan. Since Kim Jong Un took power in 2011, North Korea steeply increased the number of missile tests, tallying 129 as of April 2023. Under Kim Jong Un, North Korea conducted tests at many sites around the country, and many appeared to be operational/training tests in preparation for war, rather than developmental tests. The Tonghae site became dormant in 2009; space launches were shifted to the Sohae Satellite Launching Station and developmental missile testing shifted to the Wonsan site. Older missiles in North Korea's arsenal include various Scud and Nodong missiles, while newer missiles in development include the Polaris 1 and Polaris 2, Musudan, and Unha 3.