English language in Northern England

Northern England English
Northern England English
Northern English
Region	Northern England
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Ingvaeonic Anglo-Frisian Anglic English British English Anglo-English Northern England English; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Writing system	English alphabet
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	nort3299 Northern English
	How the vowel sound in sun varies across England. The thick lines are isoglosses. Northern English dialects have not undergone the FOOT–STRUT split, distinguishing them from Southern English and Scottish dialects.

The spoken English language in Northern England has been shaped by the region's history of settlement and migration, and today encompasses a group of related accents and dialects known as Northern England English or Northern English.

The strongest influence on modern varieties of Northern English was the Northumbrian dialect of Middle English. Additional influences came from contact with Old Norse during the Viking Age; with Irish English following the Great Famine, particularly in Lancashire and the south of Yorkshire; and with Midlands dialects since the Industrial Revolution. All these produced new and distinctive styles of speech.

Traditional dialects are associated with many of the historic counties of England, and include those of Cumbria, Lancashire, Northumbria, and Yorkshire. Following urbanisation in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, distinctive dialects arose in many urban centres in Northern England, with English spoken using a variety of distinctive pronunciations, terms, and expressions.^: 16–18 Northern English accents are often stigmatized, and some native speakers modify their Northern speech characteristics in corporate and professional environments.

There is some debate about how spoken varieties of English have impacted written English in Northern England; furthermore, representing a dialect or accent in writing is not straightforward.