Oxblood Ruffin

Oxblood Ruffin is a Canadian hacktivist, writer, and filmmaker, best known for his role as a member of the hacker collective Cult of the Dead Cow (cDc), where he serves as the group's "Foreign Minister." He is the founder and executive director of Hacktivismo, an offshoot of cDc focused on developing anti-censorship technologies rooted in international human rights principles. Ruffin has significantly contributed to the definition and practice of hacktivism, blending technological innovation with advocacy for free speech and information access.