Oxcarbazepine

Oxcarbazepine
Clinical data
Pronunciation	/ɒks.kɑːrˈbæz.ɪˌpiːn/
Trade names	Trileptal, Oxtellar XR, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a601245
License data	US DailyMed: Oxcarbazepine;
Pregnancy; category	AU: D;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
ATC code	N03AF02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances); UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; EU: Rx-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	>95%
Metabolism	Liver (cytosolic enzymes and glucuronic acid)
Elimination half-life	1–5 hours (healthy adults)
Excretion	Kidney (<1%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 10,11-dihydro-10-oxo-5H-dibenz(b,f)azepine-5-carboxamide;
CAS Number	28721-07-5 ;
PubChem CID	34312;
IUPHAR/BPS	7254;
DrugBank	DB00776 ;
ChemSpider	31608 ;
UNII	VZI5B1W380;
KEGG	D00533 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1068 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0045703 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.044.702
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C15H12N2O2
Molar mass	252.273 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C3c1c(cccc1)N(c2ccccc2C3)C(=O)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H12N2O2/c16-15(19)17-12-7-3-1-5-10(12)9-14(18)11-6-2-4-8-13(11)17/h1-8H,9H2,(H2,16,19) ; Key:CTRLABGOLIVAIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Oxcarbazepine, sold under the brand name Trileptal among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy. For epilepsy it is used for both focal seizures and generalized seizures. It has been used both alone and as add-on therapy in people with bipolar disorder who have had no success with other treatments. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, double vision and trouble with walking. Serious side effects may include anaphylaxis, liver problems, pancreatitis, suicide ideation, and an abnormal heart beat. While use during pregnancy may harm the baby, use may be less risky than having a seizure. Use is not recommended during breastfeeding. In those with an allergy to carbamazepine there is a 25% risk of problems with oxcarbazepine. How it works is not entirely clear.

Oxcarbazepine was patented in 1969 and came into medical use in 1990. It is available as a generic medication. In 2022, it was the 167th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.