PTX3

PTX3
Identifiers
Aliases	PTX3, TNFAIP5, TSG-14, pentraxin 3
External IDs	OMIM: 602492; MGI: 104641; HomoloGene: 7500; GeneCards: PTX3; OMA:PTX3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	157,443,633 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)
End	66,133,226 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	cartilage tissue; ; pericardium; ; trabecular bone; ; bone marrow; ; tibia; ; testicle; ; gastric mucosa; ; lower lobe of lung; ; bone marrow cells; ; stromal cell of endometrium;
	Top expressed in
	stroma of bone marrow; ; gastrula; ; dermis; ; triceps brachii muscle; ; sternocleidomastoid muscle; ; temporal muscle; ; vastus lateralis muscle; ; maxillary prominence; ; ventricular zone; ; calvaria;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	(1->3)-beta-D-glucan binding; virion binding; complement component C1q complex binding; protein binding; identical protein binding;
Cellular component	extracellular region; specific granule lumen; tertiary granule lumen; extracellular space; extracellular matrix;
Biological process	positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; negative regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process; positive regulation of phagocytosis; negative regulation of exo-alpha-sialidase activity; response to yeast; innate immune response; inflammatory response; opsonization; neutrophil degranulation; ovarian cumulus expansion; extracellular matrix organization;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5806
	19288
	ENSG00000163661
	ENSMUSG00000027832
	P26022
	P48759
	NM_002852
	NM_008987
	NP_002843
	NP_033013
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Pentraxin-related protein PTX3 also known as TNF-inducible gene 14 protein (TSG-14) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTX3 gene.

Pentraxin 3 (ptx3) is a member of the pentraxin superfamily. This super family characterized by cyclic multimeric structure. PTX3 is rapidly produced and released by several cell types, in particular by mononuclear phagocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), fibroblasts and endothelial cells in response to primary inflammatory signals [e.g., toll-like receptor (TLR) engagement, TNFα, IL-1β]. PTX3 binds with high affinity to the complement component C1q, the extracellular matrix component TNFα induced protein 6 (TNFAIP6; also called TNF-stimulated gene 6, TSG-6) and selected microorganisms, including Aspergillus fumigatus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

PTX3 activates the classical pathway of complement activation and facilitates pathogen recognition by macrophages and DCs.