Paliy uprising

Paliy uprising
	Part of Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706)
Date	1702–1704
Location	Right-Bank Ukraine, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Result	Uprising suppressed; (See § Aftermath)
Belligerents
Right-bank Cossacks	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Cossack Hetmanate; Tsardom of Russia
Commanders and leaders
Semen Paliy; Samiylo Samus; Andrii Abazyn (WIA) ; Ivan Iskra	Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski; Józef Potocki; Marcin Chomętowski Ivan Mazepa
Strength
12,000 rebels	15,000 10,000 Mazepa's cossacks
Casualties and losses
Heavy	Unknown
	2,000–5,000 rebels executed; 70,000 civilians wounded; 2,000 civilians massacred in Ładyżyn

Paliy uprising (also Palej uprising) was a Cossack uprising, led by colonel Semen Paliy against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1702–1704.

In 1699 a new Polish king Augustus II disbanded the Cossack militia and signed a peace treaty with Ottoman Turkey. Cossacks were angered by this situation, and in 1702 colonel (polkovnyk) Paliy started an open rebellion against the crown, the last of the major Cossack uprisings against the Commonwealth. Together with a number of other Cossack polkovnyks, Paliy and his rebels captured Bila Tserkva, Fastiv, Nemyriv and a few other towns. Rebellious Cossacks massacred their traditional enemies — Polish szlachta, Catholic priests and Jews — in the area they controlled. In October of 1702, Cossack forces led by Paliy and Samiylo Samus defeated the Polish army under hetman Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski near the town of Berdychiv, however in February 1703 the rebels were defeated at Werbicze. Paliy's last stand was at Bila Tserkva.

Russian Tsar Peter I and Left-bank Ukraine hetman Ivan Mazepa, who were allied with Poland against Sweden at the time, intervened diplomatically, arranging a ceasefire, and ordered Paliy to surrender Bila Tserkva, but he and his men refused. Mazepa convinced Russian Tsar Peter I to allow him to intervene, which he successfully did, taking over major portions of Right-bank Ukraine.