Pholas dactylus

Pholas dactylus
Shell of Pholas dactylus from Sicily on display at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Myida
Family: Pholadidae
Genus: Pholas
Species:
P. dactylus
Binomial name
Pholas dactylus
Synonyms
  • Pholas callosa Cuvier, 1817
  • Pholas callosa Lamarck, 1818
  • Pholas dactylina Locard, 1886
  • Pholas dactylus var. decurtata Jeffreys, 1865
  • Pholas dactylus var. gracilis Jeffreys, 1865
  • Pholas edwardsi Monterosato, 1878
  • Pholas hians Lightfoot, 1786
  • Pholas jordani van Hoepen, 1941
  • Pholas marmoratus Perry, 1811
  • Pholas muricatus da Costa, 1778
  • Pholas mytiloides Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1827
  • Zirphaea julan H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856

Pholas dactylus, or common piddock, is a bioluminescent clam-like species of marine mollusc in the family Pholadidae.

The piddock bores into the substrate for shelter, and lives in a tubular burrow formed by grinding the material away with hard parts of the shell by rotating on the longitudinal axis. It has been known to bore into the hard metamorphic rock gneiss, though it more often lives in softer rock. It is a filter feeder, using its siphons to reach the water outside the burrow. It was once a highly esteemed food in Europe.

It is sensitive to light, retracting into its shell when exposed to it.