Phosphorus pentachloride

Phosphorus pentachloride
Names
	IUPAC names Phosphorus pentachloride; Pentachloro-λ5-phosphane
	Other names Pentachlorophosphorane
Identifiers
CAS Number	10026-13-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23204 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.043
EC Number	233-060-3;
PubChem CID	24819;
RTECS number	TB6125000;
UNII	0EX753TYDU;
UN number	1806
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9033896 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Cl5P/c1-6(2,3,4)5 Key: UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/Cl5P/c1-6(2,3,4)5 Key: UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYAP;
	SMILES ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	PCl5
Molar mass	208.22 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless crystals, but commercial samples often yellowish white crystals
Odor	pungent, unpleasant
Density	2.1 g/cm3
Melting point	160.5 °C (320.9 °F; 433.6 K)
Boiling point	166.8 °C (332.2 °F; 439.9 K) sublimation
Solubility in water	reacts
Solubility	soluble in CS2, chlorocarbons, benzene
Vapor pressure	1.11 kPa (80 °C); 4.58 kPa (100 °C)
Structure
Crystal structure	tetragonal
Coordination geometry	D3h (trigonal bipyramidal)
Dipole moment	0 D
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	111.5 J/(mol·K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	364.2 J/(mol·K)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H314, H330, H373
Precautionary statements	P260, P280, P284, P305+P351+P338, P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 0 2 W
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	660 mg/kg (rat, oral)
LC50 (median concentration)	205 mg/m3 (rat)
LCLo (lowest published)	1020 mg/m3 (mouse, 10 min)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m3
IDLH (Immediate danger)	70 mg/m3
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0544
Related compounds
Related phosphorus pentahalides	Phosphorus pentafluoride; Phosphorus pentabromide; Phosphorus pentaiodide; Phosphorus trifluorodichloride;
Related compounds	Phosphorus trichloride; Phosphoryl chloride; Arsenic pentachloride; Antimony pentachloride; Bismuth pentachloride; Vanadium pentachloride;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Phosphorus pentachloride is the chemical compound with the formula PCl₅. It is one of the most important phosphorus chlorides/oxychlorides, others being PCl₃ and POCl₃. PCl₅ finds use as a chlorinating reagent. It is a colourless, water-sensitive solid, although commercial samples can be yellowish and contaminated with hydrogen chloride.