Pi Cephei

π Cephei
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Cepheus
Right ascension 23h 07m 53.854s
Declination +75° 23 15.00
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.419 4.61 + 6.75)
Characteristics
Spectral type G7III / F5V / A7V-A9V
U−B color index −0.46
B−V color index +0.8
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−18.6±0.9 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +6.81±1.05 mas/yr
Dec.: −34.06±0.88 mas/yr
Parallax (π)13.8±0.41 mas
Distance236 ± 7 ly
(72 ± 2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)0.24
Orbit
Primaryπ Cep Aa
Companionπ Cep Ab
Period (P)556.72±0.05 d
Semi-major axis (a)39.0±3.9 mas
Eccentricity (e)0.297±0.006
Inclination (i)99.0±2.5°
Longitude of the node (Ω)109.2±3.5°
Periastron epoch (T)2,439,172.9±1.6
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)
7.6±1.2°
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)
24.18±0.15 km/s
Orbit
Primaryπ Cephei A (Aa + Ab)
Companionπ Cephei B
Period (P)162.8±2.8 yr
Semi-major axis (a)0.810±0.050
Eccentricity (e)0.5968±0.0067
Inclination (i)30.0±3.0°
Longitude of the node (Ω)90.3±4.9°
Periastron epoch (T)B 1934.573±0.35
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)
90.0±4.4°
Details
π Cep Aa
Mass3.63±0.53 M
Surface gravity (log g)3.05±0.11 cgs
Temperature5,226±92 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.29±0.05 dex
Age100 Myr
π Cep Ab
Mass3.27±0.48 M
π Cep B
Mass1.93±0.23 M
Other designations
HD 218658, HR 8819, 33 Cephei, BD+74°1006, SAO 10629, HIP 114222
Database references
SIMBADdata

Pi Cephei (π Cephei) is a trinary star located in the constellation Cepheus. With a combined apparent magnitude of about 4.4, the system is faintly visible to the naked eye. The inner pair of stars orbits in 1.5 years while the outer companion completes one orbit in about 160 years.

Pi Cephei was found to have a visual companion star by Otto Wilhelm von Struve in 1843. That the primary is itself a spectroscopic binary was first noticed by William Wallace Campbell in 1901 using photographic plates taken at Lick Observatory.