Potassium perchlorate

Potassium perchlorate
Names
	Other names Potassium chlorate(VII); Perchloric acid, potassium salt; peroidin
Identifiers
CAS Number	7778-74-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200696 ;
ChemSpider	22913 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.011
EC Number	231-912-9;
PubChem CID	516900;
RTECS number	SC9700000;
UNII	42255P5X4D ;
UN number	1489
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3047003 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/ClHO4.K/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Key: YLMGFJXSLBMXHK-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/ClHO4.K/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Key: YLMGFJXSLBMXHK-REWHXWOFAB;
	SMILES [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	KClO4
Molar mass	138.55 g/mol
Appearance	colourless/ white crystalline powder
Density	2.5239 g/cm3
Melting point	610 °C (1,130 °F; 883 K) ; decomposes from 400 °C
Solubility in water	0.76 g/100 mL (0 °C); 1.5 g/100 mL (25 °C); 4.76 g/100 mL (40 °C); 21.08 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility product (Ksp)	1.05·10−2
Solubility	negligible in alcohol; insoluble in ether
Solubility in ethanol	47 mg/kg (0 °C); 120 mg/kg (25 °C)
Solubility in acetone	1.6 g/kg
Solubility in ethyl acetate	15 mg/kg
Refractive index (nD)	1.4724
Structure
Crystal structure	Rhombohedral
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	111.35 J/mol·K
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	150.86 J/mol·K
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−433 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	−300.4 kJ/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H271, H302, H335
Precautionary statements	P220, P280
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 1 OX
Safety data sheet (SDS)	MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions	Potassium chloride; Potassium chlorate; Potassium periodate
Other cations	Ammonium perchlorate; Sodium perchlorate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Potassium perchlorate is the inorganic salt with the chemical formula K Cl O₄. Like other perchlorates, this salt is a strong oxidizer when the solid is heated at high temperature, although it usually reacts very slowly in solution with reducing agents or organic substances. This colorless crystalline solid is a common oxidizer used in fireworks, ammunition percussion caps, and explosive primers, and is used variously in propellants, flash compositions, stars, and sparklers. It has been used as a solid rocket propellant, although in that application it has mostly been replaced by the more performant ammonium perchlorate.

KClO₄ has a relatively low solubility in water (1.5 g in 100 mL of water at 25 °C).