Qere and Ketiv

Qere and Ketiv (from the Aramaic qere or q're, קְרֵי‎, "[what is] read"; ketiv, or ketib, kethib, kethibh, kethiv, כְּתִיב‎, "[what is] written") refers to a system for marking differences between what is written in the consonantal text of the Hebrew Bible, as preserved by scribal tradition, and what is read. In such situations, the qere is the technical orthographic device used to indicate the pronunciation of the words in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew language scriptures (Tanakh), while the ketiv indicates their written form, as inherited from tradition.

The word קרי‎ is often pointed קְרִי‎ and pronounced "kri" or "keri", reflecting the opinion that it is a passive participle rather than an imperative. This is reflected in the Ashkenazi pronunciation "keri uchsiv".

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