Hydroquinone
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Benzene-1,4-diol | |
| Other names
Hydroquinone Idrochinone Quinol 4-Hydroxyphenol 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene p-Dihydroxybenzene p-Benzenediol | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
|
| 605970 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.199 |
| EC Number |
|
| 2742 | |
| KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 3077, 2662 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| C6H6O2 | |
| Molar mass | 110.112 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Density | 1.3 g cm−3, solid |
| Melting point | 172 °C (342 °F; 445 K) |
| Boiling point | 287 °C (549 °F; 560 K) |
| 5.9 g/100 mL (15 °C) | |
| Vapor pressure | 10−5 mmHg (20 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 9.9 |
| −64.63×10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Structure | |
| 1.4±0.1 D | |
| Pharmacology | |
| D11AX11 (WHO) | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H302, H317, H318, H341, H351, H400 | |
| P201, P202, P261, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P321, P330, P333+P313, P363, P391, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 165 °C (329 °F; 438 K) |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
490 mg/kg (mammal, oral) 245 mg/kg (mouse, oral) 200 mg/kg (rabbit, oral) 320 mg/kg (rat, oral) 550 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral) 200 mg/kg (dog, oral) 70 mg/kg (cat, oral) |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 2 mg/m3 |
REL (Recommended) |
C 2 mg/m3 [15-minute] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
50 mg/m3 |
| Related compounds | |
Related benzenediols |
Pyrocatechol Resorcinol |
Related compounds |
1,4-benzoquinone |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
Hydroquinone, also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound that is a type of phenol, a derivative of benzene, having the chemical formula C6H4(OH)2. It has two hydroxyl groups bonded to a benzene ring in a para position. It is a white granular solid. Substituted derivatives of this parent compound are also referred to as hydroquinones. The name "hydroquinone" was coined by Friedrich Wöhler in 1843.
In 2022, it was the 268th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 900,000 prescriptions.