RELA

RELA
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4KV4, 1NFI, 2LSP, 2O61, 3GUT, 3QXY, 3RC0, 4KV1, 2N22
Identifiers
Aliases	RELA, NFKB3, p65, RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit, CMCU
External IDs	OMIM: 164014; MGI: 103290; HomoloGene: 32064; GeneCards: RELA; OMA:RELA - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	65,663,090 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)
End	5,698,158 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	gastric mucosa; ; popliteal artery; ; tibial arteries; ; left uterine tube; ; cartilage tissue; ; right lung; ; ascending aorta; ; Descending thoracic aorta; ; ectocervix; ; right coronary artery;
	Top expressed in
	lactiferous gland; ; choroid plexus of fourth ventricle; ; granulocyte; ; external carotid artery; ; internal carotid artery; ; gastrula; ; genital tubercle; ; mesenteric lymph nodes; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; right lung;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein N-terminus binding; ankyrin repeat binding; DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; histone deacetylase binding; enzyme binding; phosphate ion binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; protein homodimerization activity; chromatin binding; NF-kappaB binding; protein binding; protein kinase binding; DNA binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; actinin binding; protein heterodimerization activity; transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding; chromatin DNA binding; ubiquitin protein ligase binding; RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; identical protein binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; transcription factor binding; protein-containing complex binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; I-kappaB/NF-kappaB complex; transcription regulator complex; NF-kappaB complex; nucleoplasm; nucleus; nucleolus; NF-kappaB p50/p65 complex; protein-containing complex; synapse; glutamatergic synapse;
Biological process	response to amino acid; response to interleukin-1; cellular response to interleukin-6; response to progesterone; response to organic substance; Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway; defense response to virus; positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; animal organ morphogenesis; response to muscle stretch; response to cytokine; negative regulation of protein catabolic process; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; response to mechanical stimulus; response to muramyl dipeptide; stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway; transcription, DNA-templated; response to insulin; negative regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway; membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis; inflammatory response; viral process; response to cobalamin; hair follicle development; positive regulation of miRNA metabolic process; acetaldehyde metabolic process; cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus; cellular response to nicotine; negative regulation of apoptotic process; cellular defense response; response to morphine; response to lipopolysaccharide; cellular response to interleukin-1; response to inorganic substance; regulation of inflammatory response; response to cAMP; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; response to hydrogen peroxide; positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiation; defense response; response to bacterium; response to organic cyclic compound; ageing; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; liver development; response to UV-B; T cell receptor signaling pathway; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; positive regulation of type I interferon production; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; cellular response to peptidoglycan; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in cellular response to chemical stimulus; positive regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II; regulation of DNA-templated transcription in response to stress; cellular response to lipoteichoic acid; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; negative regulation of protein sumoylation; pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II; cellular response to angiotensin; interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway; cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus; negative regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II; postsynapse to nucleus signaling pathway; chromatin organization; I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5970
	19697
	ENSG00000173039
	ENSMUSG00000024927
	Q04206
	Q04207
	NM_001145138; NM_001243984; NM_001243985; NM_021975
	NM_009045; NM_001365067
	NP_001138610; NP_001230913; NP_001230914; NP_068810
	NP_033071; NP_001351996
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Transcription factor p65 also known as nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RELA gene.

RELA, also known as p65, is a REL-associated protein involved in NF-κB heterodimer formation, nuclear translocation and activation. NF-κB is an essential transcription factor complex involved in all types of cellular processes, including cellular metabolism, chemotaxis, etc. Phosphorylation and acetylation of RELA are crucial post-translational modifications required for NF-κB activation. RELA has also been shown to modulate immune responses, and activation of RELA is positively associated with multiple types of cancer.