Ribonuclease L

RNASEL
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1WDY, 4G8K, 4G8L, 4OAU, 4OAV
Identifiers
Aliases	RNASEL, PRCA1, RNS4, ribonuclease L
External IDs	OMIM: 180435; MGI: 1098272; HomoloGene: 8040; GeneCards: RNASEL; OMA:RNASEL - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	182,589,256 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	153,639,967 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	amniotic fluid; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; germinal epithelium; ; epithelium of nasopharynx; ; blood; ; visceral pleura; ; mucosa of paranasal sinus; ; jejunal mucosa; ; parietal pleura; ; bronchial epithelial cell;
	Top expressed in
	epithelium of small intestine; ; left colon; ; ileum; ; granulocyte; ; Rostral migratory stream; ; intestinal villus; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; jejunum; ; blood; ; duodenum;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding; protein kinase activity; rRNA binding; metal ion binding; endoribonuclease activity; ribonuclease activity; protein binding; RNA binding; nuclease activity; ribonucleoprotein complex binding; endonuclease activity; hydrolase activity; ATP binding; identical protein binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; nuclear matrix; mitochondrial matrix; mitochondrion; cellular component;
Biological process	regulation of mRNA stability; nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis; mRNA processing; protein phosphorylation; negative regulation of viral genome replication; RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis; defense response to virus; type I interferon signaling pathway; rRNA processing; fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic; regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of glucose import;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	6041
	24014
	ENSG00000135828
	ENSMUSG00000066800
	Q05823
	Q05921
	NM_021133
	NM_011882
	NP_066956
	NP_036012
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Ribonuclease L or RNase L (for latent), known sometimes as ribonuclease 4 or 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-dependent ribonuclease, is an interferon (IFN)-induced ribonuclease which, upon activation, destroys all RNA within the cell (both cellular and viral) as well as inhibiting mRNA export. RNase L is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASEL gene.

This gene encodes a component of the interferon-regulated 2'-5'oligoadenylate (2'-5'A) system that functions in the antiviral and antiproliferative roles of interferons. RNase L is activated by dimerization, which occurs upon 2'-5'A binding, and results in cleavage of all RNA in the cell. This can lead to activation of MDA5, an RNA helicase involved in the production of interferons.