Rosalie Soubère

Rosalie Soubère, nicknamed Mariette (1868 – after 1894), was a newspaper folder, activist and anarchist terrorist. She is best known for her role in the Saint-Germain bombing, a key event in the history of terrorism that plunged France into the Ère des attentats (1892–1894).

Originally from the Loire region, Soubère became a young anarchist and entered into a relationship with another anarchist activist, Joseph Jas-Béala. She sheltered Ravachol in her home while he was being sought by the police in 1891. The three formed a group and became further radicalized in response to the Clichy affair, in which three anarchists were brutally beaten by the police and then sentenced to harsh prison terms. They moved to Paris between late 1891 and early 1892, where she met and joined with fellow anarchists Charles Chaumentin and Charles Simon.

Soubère waited for the bomb to be prepared, then transported it under her skirts to the judge's home, where Ravachol planted it. She then kept watch while the other members fled. While she was arrested with her accomplices, she was acquitted in her first trial related to the bombing. However, she soon faced new charges, some of which were likely for crimes she did not commit. She was tried a second time and acquitted once again. During her third successive trial, this time for having harbored Ravachol, Soubère was sentenced to seven months in prison.

She later settled in Saint-Étienne after having lived under the pseudonym Rosalie Gibert in Saint-Denis. She possibly continued her activism at least until the 1930s.