Russians

Russians
русские
Total population
c.135 million
Regions with significant populations
Russia   105,620,179 (2021)
Diaspora
Germanyapprox. 7,500,000
(including Russian Jews and Russian Germans)
Ukraine7,170,000 (2018) (including Crimea)
United States3,072,756 (2009)
(including Russian Jews and Russian Germans)
Kazakhstan2,983,317 (2024 government est.)
Uzbekistan720,324 (2019)
Belarus706,992 (2019)
Canada622,445 (2016)
(Russian ancestry, excluding Russian Germans)
Other countries
Latvia454,350 (2022)
Kyrgyzstan352,960 (2018)
France200,000 to 500,000
Estonia315,252 (2021)
Argentina300,000 (2018)
Moldova201,218 (2014)
Brazil200,000 (2018)
(Russian citizens and Russian ancestry)
Turkmenistan150,000 (2012)
Lithuania129,797 (2017)
Italy120,459
Azerbaijan119,300 (2009)
Finland90,801 (2020)
Spain72,234 (2017)
Turkey50,000–100,000
(2019)
Australia67,055 (2006)
Poland40,000 (2019)
Romania36,397 (2002)
(Lipovans)
Czech Republic35,759 (2016)
Tajikistan35,000 (2010)
South Korea30,098 (2016)
Georgia26,453 (2014)
Hungary21,518 (2016)
Sweden20,187 (2016)
China15,609 (2000)
Bulgaria15,595 (2002)
Armenia14,076 (2022)
Greece13,635 (2002)<
Serbia10,486 (2021)
India6,000–15,000 (2011)
Slovakia8,116 (2021)
Denmark7,686 (2019)
New Zealand5,979 (2013)<
Languages
Russian (Russian Sign Language)
Religion
Predominantly Eastern Orthodoxy (Russian Orthodoxy), minority irreligion
Related ethnic groups
Other East Slavs (Belarusians, Ukrainians, Rusyns)

Russians (Russian: русские, romanized: russkiye [ˈruskʲɪje] ) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian, the most spoken Slavic language. The majority of Russians adhere to Orthodox Christianity, ever since the Middle Ages. By total numbers, they compose the largest Slavic and European nation.

Genetic studies show that Russians are closely related to Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, as well as Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Finns. They were formed from East Slavic tribes, and their cultural ancestry is based in Kievan Rus'. The Russian word for the Russians is derived from the people of Rus' and the territory of Rus'. Russians share many historical and cultural traits with other European peoples, and especially with other East Slavic ethnic groups, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians.

The vast majority of Russians live in native Russia, but notable minorities are scattered throughout other post-Soviet states such as Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine, and the Baltic states. A large Russian diaspora (sometimes including Russian-speaking non-Russians), estimated at 25 million people, has developed all over the world, with notable numbers in the United States, Germany, Brazil, and Canada.