Chloride potassium symporter 5

SLC12A5
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC12A5, KCC2, Chloride potassium symporter 5, EIEE34, EIG14, hKCC2, solute carrier family 12 member 5, DEE34
External IDs	OMIM: 606726; MGI: 1862037; HomoloGene: 10665; GeneCards: SLC12A5; OMA:SLC12A5 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 20 (human)
End	46,060,150 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (mouse)
End	164,841,651 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; lateral nuclear group of thalamus; ; Brodmann area 23; ; Brodmann area 10; ; primary visual cortex; ; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ; Brodmann area 9; ; frontal pole; ; orbitofrontal cortex; ; superior frontal gyrus;
	Top expressed in
	dorsal tegmental nucleus; ; anterior amygdaloid area; ; medial geniculate nucleus; ; globus pallidus; ; lateral hypothalamus; ; subiculum; ; olfactory tubercle; ; paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus; ; medial dorsal nucleus; ; dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	cation:chloride symporter activity; chloride transmembrane transporter activity; transporter activity; symporter activity; protein kinase binding; potassium:chloride symporter activity;
Cellular component	membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; dendritic shaft; soma; integral component of membrane;
Biological process	thermosensory behavior; multicellular organism growth; chloride transmembrane transport; learning; potassium ion transport; dendritic spine development; cellular chloride ion homeostasis; chloride transport; chemical synaptic transmission; transmembrane transport; potassium ion transmembrane transport; ion transport; cellular ion homeostasis; hypotonic response; cell volume homeostasis; chloride ion homeostasis; potassium ion homeostasis; potassium ion import across plasma membrane;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	57468
	57138
	ENSG00000124140
	ENSMUSG00000017740
	Q9H2X9
	Q91V14
	NM_020708; NM_001134771
	NM_020333; NM_001355480; NM_001355481
	NP_001128243; NP_065759
	NP_065066; NP_001342409; NP_001342410
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Potassium-chloride transporter member 5 (aka: KCC2 and SLC12A5) is a neuron-specific chloride potassium symporter responsible for establishing the chloride ion gradient in neurons through the maintenance of low intracellular chloride concentrations. It is a critical mediator of synaptic inhibition, cellular protection against excitotoxicity and may also act as a modulator of neuroplasticity. Potassium-chloride transporter member 5 is also known by the names: KCC2 (potassium chloride cotransporter 2) for its ionic substrates, and SLC12A5 for its genetic origin from the SLC12A5 gene in humans.

Animals with reduced expression of this transporter exhibit severe motor deficits, epileptiform activity, and spasticity. KCC2 knockout animals, in which KCC2 is completely absent, die postnatally due to respiratory failure.