Sphingosine kinase 1

SPHK1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3VZB, 3VZC, 3VZD, 4L02, 4V24
Identifiers
Aliases	SPHK1, SPHK, sphingosine kinase 1, SK1
External IDs	OMIM: 603730; MGI: 1316649; HomoloGene: 39748; GeneCards: SPHK1; OMA:SPHK1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	76,387,860 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	116,427,501 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	stromal cell of endometrium; ; tibial nerve; ; sural nerve; ; decidua; ; minor salivary glands; ; gastric mucosa; ; monocyte; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; right lung; ; left uterine tube;
	Top expressed in
	gastrula; ; decidua; ; skin of external ear; ; lip; ; saccule; ; fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; left lung lobe; ; tibiofemoral joint; ; otic vesicle;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activity; transferase activity; nucleotide binding; DNA binding; calmodulin binding; kinase activity; protein binding; protein phosphatase 2A binding; ATP binding; magnesium ion binding; sphinganine kinase activity; D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity; NAD+ kinase activity; lipid binding; acetyltransferase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; membrane; plasma membrane; nucleus; cytosol; clathrin-coated pit; endocytic vesicle; early endosome membrane; presynapse; endosome; endosome membrane; cell junction; synapse;
Biological process	intracellular signal transduction; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; sphingosine metabolic process; regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway; sphingosine biosynthetic process; positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle; sphingolipid biosynthetic process; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of cell growth; brain development; blood vessel development; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; protein folding; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; regulation of interleukin-1 beta production; inflammatory response; sphingoid catabolic process; positive regulation of protein ubiquitination; positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction; calcium-mediated signaling; signal transduction; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway; lipid phosphorylation; positive regulation of cell migration; negative regulation of apoptotic process; phosphorylation; metabolism; positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide; DNA biosynthetic process; sphingolipid mediated signaling pathway; protein acetylation; regulation of endocytosis; positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; response to tumor necrosis factor; cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus; regulation of phagocytosis; regulation of neuroinflammatory response; negative regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade; regulation of microglial cell activation; regulation of endosomal vesicle fusion;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	8877
	20698
	ENSG00000176170
	ENSMUSG00000061878
	Q9NYA1
	Q8CI15
	NM_001142601; NM_001142602; NM_021972; NM_182965; NM_001355139
NM_001172472; NM_001172473; NM_001172475; NM_011451; NM_025367;
	NM_001372484; NM_001372485; NM_001372486; NM_001372487; NM_001372488; NM_001372489
	NP_001136073; NP_001136074; NP_068807; NP_892010; NP_001342068
NP_001165943; NP_001165944; NP_001165946; NP_079643; NP_001359413;
	NP_001359414; NP_001359415; NP_001359416; NP_001359417; NP_001359418
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Sphingosine kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SPHK1 gene.

Sphingosine kinase 1 phosphorylates sphingosine to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). SK1 is normally a cytosolic protein but is recruited to membranes rich in phosphatidate (PA), a product of phospholipase D (PLD).

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a novel lipid messenger with both intracellular and extracellular functions. Intracellularly, it regulates proliferation and survival, and extracellularly, it is a ligand for EDG1. Various stimuli increase cellular levels of S1P by activation of sphingosine kinase (SPHK), the enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine. Competitive inhibitors of SPHK block formation of S1P and selectively inhibit cellular proliferation induced by a variety of factors, including platelet-derived growth factor and serum.