Scottish diaspora
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| c. 28–40 million worldwideA | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| United StatesB | 5,393,554 – 6,006,955 |
| CanadaC | 4,719,850 |
| AustraliaH | 1,792,600 |
| EnglandD | 795,000 |
| Argentina | 100,000 |
| Brazil | 80,000 |
| France | 45,000 |
| Poland | 15,000 |
| New ZealandF | 12,792 |
| South AfricaF | 11,160 |
| Isle of Man | 2,403 |
| Hong KongG | 1,459 |
| Philippines | 1,403 |
| Norway | 1,400 |
| Spain | 1,390 |
| Netherlands | 1,380 |
| Switzerland | 1,377 |
| Germany | 1,373 |
| Italy | 1,370 |
| Sweden | 1,367 |
| Languages | |
| Scottish English • Scottish Gaelic • Scots | |
| Religion | |
| Historically or Traditionally Protestant Christianity, mainly Presbyterianism, also Episcopalism, with smaller Catholic minority and others. Increaslingly irreligious. For further information see Religion in Scotland | |
A These figures are estimates based on official census data of populations and official surveys of identity. B Scottish Americans and Scotch-Irish Americans. C Scottish Canadians. D Scottish-born people in England only E Ulster-Scots F missing G Number of people born in Scotland. missing HScottish Australians | |
The Scottish diaspora consists of Scottish people who emigrated from Scotland and their descendants. The diaspora is concentrated in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, England, New Zealand, Ireland and to a lesser extent Argentina, Chile, and Brazil. The Scottish diaspora has been estimated by the Scottish Government to be between 28 and 40 million people worldwide. Other estimates have ranged as high as 80 million.
According to Marjory Harper (2003) of the University of Aberdeen, Scottish emigrants and their descendants have maintained connections to Scotland though formal and informal means including "church, school and Scottish society" and "place names, correspondence, family and community networks, and chain migration". Rogers Brubaker (2005) wrote that immigrants from Scotland have regarded the ancestral homeland as "an authoritative source of value, identity and loyalty". According to Lauren Brancaz (2016) of the Centre for Breton and Celtic Research: "Scottish culture has not been contained within the borders of Scotland. It has lived on in the minds of migrants who have remained attached to it".