Shinpūren rebellion

Shinpūren Rebellion
	Part of the Shizoku rebellions of the Meiji period
	; "The Death in Battle of the Kumamoto Rebels" by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi
Date	24 October 1876 – 25 October 1876
Location	Kumamoto, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan
Result	Government victory Akizuki rebellion and Hagi Rebellion;
Belligerents
Meiji Government of Japan Imperial Japanese Army;	Keishintō Samurai of the Kumamoto Domain;
Commanders and leaders
Kumamoto Garrison:; Yasuoka Ryosuke X; Taneda Masaaki X Yokura Tomozane; Ōshima Kunihide; Fukuhara Toyonori; Shioya Katakuni; Hayashi Junnosuke; Tanimura Keisuke; Relief Forces:; Kodama Gentarō Oku Yasukata; Ogawa Mataji;	Keishintō; Otaguro Tomoo † Kaya Harukata †; Ueno Kengo †; Ogata Kotarō ; Ishihara Unshirō †; Kagami Jūrō †; Onimaru Kisō †;
Strength
300 soldiers and policemen	174–200 Kumamoto samurai
Casualties and losses
60 dead ; 200+ injured	124+ dead or seppuku ; 50 injured

The Shinpūren rebellion (神風連の乱, Shinpūren no ran / Jinpūren no ran) was an uprising against the Meiji government of Japan that occurred in Kumamoto on 24 October 1876.

The Keishintō (敬神党), an extremist Shinto organization of former samurai of the Kumamoto Domain, were extremely opposed to the Westernization of Japan and loss of their class privileges after the Meiji Restoration. The Keishintō under the leadership of Otaguro Tomoo launched a surprise attack against the Imperial Japanese Army and Meiji government in Kumamoto, killing dozens of soldiers and Kumamoto Prefecture officials. The Keishintō were defeated by the army the following morning, with most surviving rebels killing themselves by committing seppuku or being arrested and executed by Meiji authorities.

The Shinpūren rebellion was one of a number of "shizoku uprisings" which took place in Kyūshū and western Honshu during the early Meiji period.