Skeletal fluorosis

Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride leading to weakened bones. In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints. Symptoms include the increased frequency of fractures and impaired joint mobility. Side effects include ruptures of the stomach lining and nausea. Fluoride can also damage the parathyroid glands, leading to hyperparathyroidism, and a higher blood calcium concentration. Common causes of fluorosis include the inhalation of fluoride dust or fumes by workers in industry and consumption of drinking water with unsafe fluoride levels. Fluorosis can also occur as a result of volcanic activity. As of now, there are no established treatments for skeletal fluorosis patients. However, it is reversible in some cases, depending on the progression of the disease. effects is also very difficult. Fluorosis is most severe and widespread in India and China.