Sonsonate Department

Sonsonate
Location within El Salvador
Coordinates: 13°42′11″N 89°41′35″W / 13.703°N 89.693°W / 13.703; -89.693
Country El Salvador
Created
(given current status)
1824
SeatSonsonate
Largest cityIzalco
Area
  Total
1,225.8 km2 (473.3 sq mi)
  RankRanked 9th
Population
 (2024)
  Total
470,455
  RankRanked 6th
  Density380/km2 (990/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
ISO 3166 codeSV-SO

Sonsonate (Spanish pronunciation: [sonsoˈnate]) is a department of El Salvador in the western part of the country. The capital is Sonsonate.

The department has an area of 1,226 km².

Created on June 12, 1824, the El Salvador National Parliament decided on January 29, 1859, to separate the cities of Apaneca, San Pedro Puxtla, Guaymango, and Jujutla from the department and transfer these cities to the Santa Ana Department.

Sonsonate was the second capital of the Federal Republic of Central America in 1834.

The department remains a center of Pipil culture in the country, preserving several ancient traditions and home to most of the few remaining Nahua speakers in El Salvador.

It is a predominantly agricultural area, with extremely fertile volcanic soils that were once the most valuable resource in Central America for the Spanish conquistadors, who profited from its ancient cacao plantations. Its name, meaning "Place of 400 rivers" or "Place of many waters," is fitting as the department receives well over 2,000mm (79 inches) of rain a year.