List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number: 321.312
This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 321.312 under that system. These instruments may be known as spike box lutes or spike guitars.
- 3: Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments).
- 32: Instruments in which the resonator and string bearer are physically united and can not be separated without destroying the instrument
- 321: Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table (lutes)
- 321.3: Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle (handle lutes)
- 321.31: Instruments in which the handle passes diametrically through or over the resonator (spike lutes)
- 321.312: Instruments in which the resonator is in the form of a box (spike box lutes, spike guitars)
- 321.31: Instruments in which the handle passes diametrically through or over the resonator (spike lutes)
- 321.3: Instruments in which the string bearer is a plain handle (handle lutes)
- 321: Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table (lutes)
- 32: Instruments in which the resonator and string bearer are physically united and can not be separated without destroying the instrument
These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.
- 4: Hammers or beaters
- 5: Bare hands and fingers
- 6: Plectrum
- 7: Bowing
- 71: Using a bow
- 72: Using a wheel
- 73: Using a ribbon
- 8: Keyboard
- 9: Using a mechanical drive
| Instrument | Tradition | Hornbostel–Sachs classification | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| banjo (with resonator) |
African American | 321.312-5 | Four or five stringed instrument, plucked with a bare thumb and a forefinger covered by a metal thimble, traditionally with four or five strings, |
| gimbri guinbri, guimbri, gimbri, ginibri |
Gnawa music | 321.312 | Rectangular box lute with leather tuning rings |
| gusle |
Serbia, Montenegro and elsewhere in the former Yugoslavia | 321.312 | Stringed instrument, round, typically with one string bound at the top of the neck with a tuning peg ⓘ |
| morin khuur horse-head fiddle, |
Mongolia, Tuva | 321.312 | Two-stringed instrument, held between the legs, with a trapezoidal body and a horse's head typically carved on the upper edge of the pegbox |
| sanshin |
Ryukyus of Japan | 321.312-6 | Three stringed banjo-like instrument, covered with snakeskin |
| sanxian |
China | 321.312 | Three-stringed fretless plucked instrument, with a box covered in snakeskin. |