Stanley v. Illinois

Stanley v. Illinois
Argued October 19, 1971
Decided April 3, 1972
Full case nameStanley v. Illinois
Citations405 U.S. 645 (more)
92 S. Ct. 1208; 31 L. Ed. 2d 551
Holding
The State cannot, consistently with due process requirements, merely presume that unmarried fathers in general, and petitioner, in particular, are unsuitable and neglectful parents. Parental unfitness must be established on the basis of individualized proof.
Court membership
Chief Justice
Warren E. Burger
Associate Justices
William O. Douglas · William J. Brennan Jr.
Potter Stewart · Byron White
Thurgood Marshall · Harry Blackmun
Lewis F. Powell Jr. · William Rehnquist
Case opinions
MajorityWhite, joined by Brennan, Stewart, Marshall; Douglas (parts I, II)
DissentBurger, joined by Blackmun
Powell and Rehnquist took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.

Stanley v. Illinois, 405 U.S. 645 (1972), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the fathers of children born out of wedlock had a fundamental right to their children. Until the ruling, when the mother of a child born out of wedlock was unable to care for the child, through death or other circumstances, the child was made a ward of the state and either placed in an orphanage or foster care or for adoption.