Mercury(II) chloride
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC names Mercury(II) chloride Mercury dichloride | |
| Other names Mercury bichloride Corrosive sublimate Abavit Mercuric chloride Sulema (Russia) TL-898 Agrosan Hydrargyri dichloridum (homeopathy) | |
| Identifiers | |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.454 | 
| EC Number | 
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| KEGG | |
| PubChem CID | |
| RTECS number | 
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1624 | 
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| 
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| 
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| Properties | |
| HgCl2 | |
| Molar mass | 271.52 g/mol | 
| Appearance | colorless or white solid | 
| Odor | odorless | 
| Density | 5.43 g/cm3 | 
| Melting point | 276 °C (529 °F; 549 K) | 
| Boiling point | 304 °C (579 °F; 577 K) | 
| 3.6 g/100 mL (0 °C) 7.4 g/100 mL (20 °C) 48 g/100 mL (100 °C) | |
| Solubility | 4 g/100 mL (ether) soluble in alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate slightly soluble in benzene, CS2, pyridine | 
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.2 (0.2M solution) | 
| −82.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.859 | 
| Structure | |
| orthogonal | |
| linear | |
| linear | |
| zero | |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 144 J·mol−1·K−1 | 
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | −230 kJ·mol−1 | 
| Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) | −178.7 kJ/mol | 
| Pharmacology | |
| D08AK03 (WHO) | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
| Main hazards | Highly toxic, corrosive. | 
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H300+H310+H330, H301, H314, H341, H361f, H372, H410 | |
| P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P314, P321, P330, P363, P391, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable | 
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (median dose) | 32 mg/kg (rats, orally) | 
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 0979 | 
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Mercury(II) fluoride Mercury(II) bromide Mercury(II) iodide | 
| Other cations | Zinc chloride Cadmium chloride Mercury(I) chloride | 
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references | |
Mercury(II) chloride (mercury bichloride, mercury dichloride, mercuric chloride), historically also sulema or corrosive sublimate, is the inorganic chemical compound of mercury and chlorine with the formula HgCl2, used as a laboratory reagent. It is a white crystalline solid and a molecular compound that is very toxic to humans. Once used as a first line treatment for syphilis, it has been replaced by the more effective and less toxic procaine penicillin since at least 1948.