Succinonitrile
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Butanedinitrile | |||
Other names
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 1098380 | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.441 | ||
| EC Number |
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| MeSH | succinonitrile | ||
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| C4H4N2 | |||
| Molar mass | 80.090 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless, waxy crystals | ||
| Odor | odorless | ||
| Density | 985 mg mL−1 | ||
| Melting point | 58 °C (136 °F; 331 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 266.1 °C; 510.9 °F; 539.2 K | ||
| 130 g L−1 | |||
| Vapor pressure | 300 Pa (at 100 °C) | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
145.60 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
191.59 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
139.3–140.4 kJ mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−2.2848–−2.2860 MJ mol−1 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Warning | |||
| H302, H315, H319, H335 | |||
| P261, P305+P351+P338 | |||
| Flash point | 113 °C (235 °F; 386 K) | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
450 mg kg−1 (oral, rat) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
none | ||
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 6 ppm (20 mg/m3) | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
N.D. | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related alkanenitriles |
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Related compounds |
DBNPA | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
Succinonitrile, also butanedinitrile, is a nitrile, with the formula of C2H4(CN)2. It is a colorless waxy solid which melts at 58 °C.
Succinonitrile is produced by the addition of hydrogen cyanide to acrylonitrile (hydrocyanation):
- CH2=CHCN + HCN → NCCH2CH2CN
Hydrogenation of succinonitrile yields putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane).