Muscat and Oman
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1856–1970 | |||||||||
| Anthem: From 23 July 1970: نشيد السلام السلطاني "as-Salām as-Sultānī" "Salute to the Sultan" | |||||||||
The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman in 1870 | |||||||||
| Status | De jure sovereign state (1856–1970) De facto British protectorate (1872–1970) | ||||||||
| Capital | Muscat | ||||||||
| Official languages | Arabic | ||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||
| Religion | Islam (official) | ||||||||
| Government | Absolute monarchy | ||||||||
| Sultan | |||||||||
• 1855–1866 (first) | Thuwaini bin Said | ||||||||
• 1866–1868 | Salim bin Thuwaini | ||||||||
• 1868–1871 | Azzan bin Qais | ||||||||
• 1871–1888 | Turki bin Said | ||||||||
• 1888–1913 | Faisal bin Turki | ||||||||
• 1913–1932 | Taimur bin Feisal | ||||||||
• 1932–1970 | Said bin Taimur | ||||||||
• 1970 (last) | Qaboos bin Said | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Partition from Zanzibar | 1856 | ||||||||
| 25 September 1920 | |||||||||
| 1954 | |||||||||
| 1962 | |||||||||
| 23 July 1970 | |||||||||
• Qaboos declares the Sultanate of Oman | 9 August 1970 | ||||||||
| Currency |
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| Today part of | Oman United Arab Emirates Pakistan Iran | ||||||||
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The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: سلطنة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Salṭanat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān), also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman (Arabic: دولة مسقط وعمان, romanized: Dawlat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān) during the rule of Taimur bin Feisal, was a sovereign state that encompassed the present-day Sultanate of Oman and parts of present-day United Arab Emirates and Pakistan, in the second half of the 19th century and 20th century. Ruled by the Busaid dynasty, it was established as a result of the partition of the Omani Empire upon the death of its last ruler Said bin Sultan. The Sultanate transitioned into a new form of government after the palace coup of 23 July 1970 in which the sultan Said bin Taimur was immediately deposed in favor of his son Qaboos bin Said.