TXNRD1

TXNRD1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2CFY, 2J3N, 2ZZ0, 2ZZB, 2ZZC, 3QFA, 3QFB
Identifiers
Aliases	TXNRD1, GRIM-12, TR, TR1, TRXR1, TXNR, thioredoxin reductase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 601112; MGI: 1354175; HomoloGene: 55733; GeneCards: TXNRD1; OMA:TXNRD1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)
End	104,350,307 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (mouse)
End	82,733,546 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	stromal cell of endometrium; ; islet of Langerhans; ; right adrenal gland; ; right adrenal cortex; ; left adrenal gland; ; left adrenal cortex; ; right coronary artery; ; pericardium; ; left coronary artery; ; nasal epithelium;
	Top expressed in
	somite; ; otic placode; ; otic vesicle; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; primitive streak; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; ganglionic eminence; ; saccule; ; epiblast; ; gastrula;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein-disulfide reductase activity; methylselenol reductase activity; flavin adenine dinucleotide binding; methylseleninic acid reductase activity; protein binding; electron transfer activity; oxidoreductase activity; oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD(P) as acceptor; thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; extracellular exosome; nucleus; fibrillar center; nucleoplasm; mitochondrion; cytosol;
Biological process	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion; selenium compound metabolic process; signal transduction; cellular oxidant detoxification; response to oxygen radical; cell redox homeostasis; regulation of lipid metabolic process; cellular response to oxidative stress; mesoderm formation; gastrulation; cell population proliferation; electron transport chain;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	7296
	50493
	ENSG00000198431
	ENSMUSG00000020250
	Q16881
	Q9JMH6
NM_182743; NM_001093771; NM_001261445; NM_001261446; NM_003330;
	NM_182729; NM_182742
	NM_001042513; NM_001042514; NM_001042523; NM_015762
NP_001087240; NP_001248374; NP_001248375; NP_003321; NP_877393;
	NP_877419; NP_877420
	NP_001035978; NP_001035979; NP_001035988; NP_056577
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TXNRD1 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the family of pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductases. This protein reduces thioredoxins as well as other substrates, and plays a role in selenium metabolism and protection against oxidative stress. The functional enzyme is thought to be a homodimer which uses FAD as a cofactor. Each subunit contains a selenocysteine (Sec) residue which is required for catalytic activity. The selenocysteine is encoded by the UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTR of selenocysteine-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the sec insertion sequence (SECIS), that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding the same or different isoforms.