Takkola

Takkola was an ancient emporium^: 87 and political entity located in the present-day Tanintharyi Region of Myanmar and the western coast of southern Thailand,^: 22 It existed from the 1st to 13th centuries CE, centered in the present Takua Pa district,^{: 30 : 80–1} and was said to control a vital branch of long-distance maritime trade between the India Ocean and the South China Sea.^{: 79 : 80} It was one of the earliest kingdoms in the peninsula Thailand; the others included Kamalanka and Tambralinga.

Takkola bagen declined around the 10th–11th centuries when the region was invaded by the Pagan Kingdom from the north and was constantly raided by the Chola during the South-East Asia campaign of Rajendra I from 1025 to 1068.^: 766 Later, the region became part of the Thai kingdoms of Sukhothai and Ayutthaya, with some period returned to the Pagan.^: 88

Some Thai scholars proposed that the chief center of Takkola was probably situated around the Khao Phra Narai Historical Site (แหล่งโบราณคดีเขาพระนารายณ์) in the Kapong district as this location is more conducive to substantial habitation, whilst the sites at Takua Pa served as a maritime port and gold mines. The state may have been a vassal of the more dominant polity to the south, Tambralinga.^: 38

Takkola was anticipated to be the northernmost region of the mythical Suvarnabhumi, which extended from present-day Takua Pa in Thailand to Kedah in Malaysia.^: 22 Some belive Gola-mattikanagaram, mentioned in the Kalyani Inscriptions of Pegu dated 1476, is Takkola. It was also proposed to be one of the five kingdoms in Tun Sun by Roland Braddell.^: 7