Tetrachloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Tetrachloroethene
	Other names Carbon bichloride; Carbon dichloride; Carboneum Dichloratum; Ethylene tetrachloride; Perchlor; Perchloroethene; Perchloroethylene;
Identifiers
CAS Number	127-18-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Abbreviations	PCE; Perc; Per
Beilstein Reference	1304635
ChEBI	CHEBI:17300 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL114062 ;
ChemSpider	13837281 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.004.388
EC Number	204-825-9;
Gmelin Reference	101142
KEGG	C06789 ;
PubChem CID	31373;
RTECS number	KX3850000;
UNII	TJ904HH8SN ;
UN number	1897
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2021319 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6 Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6 Key: CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYAO;
	SMILES ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	C2Cl4
Molar mass	165.82 g/mol
Appearance	Clear, very refractive, colorless liquid
Odor	Mild, sharp and sweetish
Density	1.622 g/cm3
Melting point	−22.0 to −22.7 °C (−7.6 to −8.9 °F; 251.2 to 250.5 K)
Boiling point	121.1 °C (250.0 °F; 394.2 K)
Solubility in water	0.15 g/L (25 °C)
Vapor pressure	14 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−81.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.505
Viscosity	0.89 cP at 25 °C
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Inhalation of vapours can cause anaesthesia and respiratory irritation. Causes irritation in contact with skin and eyes with no residual injury. Suspected of causing developmental delays and cancer in children. Known groundwater contaminant.
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H351, H411
Precautionary statements	P201, P202, P273, P281, P308+P313, P391, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 0
Flash point	Not flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	3420 mg/kg (oral, rat); 2629 mg/kg (oral, rat), >10000 mg/kg (dermal, rat)
LC50 (median concentration)	4000 ppm (rat, 4 hr); 5200 ppm (mouse, 4 hr); 4964 ppm (rat, 8 hr)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 100 ppm; C 200 ppm (for 5 minutes in any 3-hour period), with a maximum peak of 300 ppm
REL (Recommended)	Ca Minimize workplace exposure concentrations.
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [150 ppm]
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
Related compounds
Related analogous organohalides	Tetrafluoroethylene; Tetrabromoethylene; Tetraiodoethylene;
Related compounds	Ethylene; Carbon tetrachloride; Chloroethylene; 1,1-Dichloroethylene; 1,2-Dichloroethylene; Trichloroethylene; 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane; Hexachloroethane;
Supplementary data page
	Tetrachloroethylene (data page)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Tetrachloroethylene, also known as perchloroethylene or under the systematic name tetrachloroethene, and abbreviations such as perc (or PERC), and PCE, is a chlorocarbon with the formula Cl₂C=CCl₂. It is a non-flammable, stable, colorless and heavy liquid widely used for dry cleaning of fabrics and occasionally as a highly effective automotive brake cleaner. It has a mildly sweet, sharp odor, detectable by most people at a concentration of 50 ppm.

Tetrachloroethylene is regarded as a toxic substance, a human health hazard, and an environmental hazard. In 2020, the United States Environmental Protection Agency stated that "tetrachloroethylene exposure may harm the nervous system, liver, kidneys, and reproductive system, and may be harmful to unborn children", and reported that numerous toxicology agencies regard it as a carcinogen.