LNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado

Specifications
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	4-6-2
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.	3 ft 2 in (0.965 m)
Driver dia.	6 ft 8 in (2.032 m)
Trailing dia.	3 ft 8 in (1.118 m)
Length	72 ft 11.75 in (22.24 m)
Width	9 ft 2.875 in (2.82 m)
Height	13 ft (3.96 m)
Axle load	22.1 long tons (22.5 t; 24.8 short tons)
Adhesive weight	66.55 long tons (67.62 t; 74.54 short tons)
Loco weight	105.2 long tons (106.9 t; 117.8 short tons)
Tender weight	60.9 long tons (61.9 t; 68.2 short tons)
Total weight	166.1 long tons (168.8 t; 186.0 short tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	7.5 long tons (7.6 t)
Water cap.	6,000 imp gal (27,000 L)
Firebox:
• Grate area	50.0 sq ft (4.65 m2)
Boiler	Diagram 118 ; 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) diameter ; 29 ft 2 in (8.89 m) length
Boiler pressure	250 psi (1,700 kPa)
Heating surface:
• Firebox	245.3 sq ft (22.79 m2)
• Tubes	1,211.6 sq ft (112.56 m2)
• Flues	1,004.5 sq ft (93.32 m2)
• Total surface	2,461.4 sq ft (228.67 m2)
Superheater:;
• Heating area	697.7 sq ft (64.82 m2)
Cylinders	3
Cylinder size	19 in × 26 in (480 mm × 660 mm)

Type and origin
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Arthur Peppercorn (original designer)
Builder	A1 Steam Locomotive Trust
Build date	1994–2008
Website	www.a1steam.com

LNER Class A1 Peppercorn 60163 *Tornado*
LNER Class A1 Peppercorn 60163 Tornado
	Tornado on the East Coast Main Line in 2016
Power type
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	Arthur Peppercorn (original designer)
Builder	A1 Steam Locomotive Trust
Build date	1994–2008
Website	www.a1steam.com
Configuration:;
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	4-6-2
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.	3 ft 2 in (0.965 m)
Driver dia.	6 ft 8 in (2.032 m)
Trailing dia.	3 ft 8 in (1.118 m)
Length	72 ft 11.75 in (22.24 m)
Width	9 ft 2.875 in (2.82 m)
Height	13 ft (3.96 m)
Axle load	22.1 long tons (22.5 t; 24.8 short tons)
Adhesive weight	66.55 long tons (67.62 t; 74.54 short tons)
Loco weight	105.2 long tons (106.9 t; 117.8 short tons)
Tender weight	60.9 long tons (61.9 t; 68.2 short tons)
Total weight	166.1 long tons (168.8 t; 186.0 short tons)
Fuel type	Coal
Fuel capacity	7.5 long tons (7.6 t)
Water cap.	6,000 imp gal (27,000 L)
Firebox:
• Grate area	50.0 sq ft (4.65 m2)
Boiler	Diagram 118 ; 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) diameter ; 29 ft 2 in (8.89 m) length
Boiler pressure	250 psi (1,700 kPa)
Heating surface:
• Firebox	245.3 sq ft (22.79 m2)
• Tubes	1,211.6 sq ft (112.56 m2)
• Flues	1,004.5 sq ft (93.32 m2)
• Total surface	2,461.4 sq ft (228.67 m2)
Superheater:;
• Heating area	697.7 sq ft (64.82 m2)
Cylinders	3
Cylinder size	19 in × 26 in (480 mm × 660 mm)
Power output
Performance figures
Power output	2,700 metric horsepower (2,000 kW; 2,700 hp)
Tractive effort	37,400 lbf (166,000 N)
Numbers
Career
Numbers	60163 (display) ; 98863 (TOPS)
Official name	Tornado
Axle load class	Route availability 9
First run	29 July 2008
Disposition	Operational, mainline certified

LNER Peppercorn Class A1 No. 60163 Tornado is a 4-6-2 "Pacific" steam locomotive completed in 2008 to an original design by Arthur Peppercorn. At the time of completion it was the first new build steam locomotive for the British mainline since 1960, and is the only Peppercorn A1 in existence as the final locomotive of the original class was scrapped in 1966.

The A1 Steam Locomotive Trust launched the project in 1990 and was financed through fundraising initiatives, public donations, and sponsorship deals. Construction began in 1994 at Darlington Works, England with other components manufactured elsewhere, most notably the boiler, which was constructed at Meiningen Steam Locomotive Works in Germany to meet modern EU regulations. Following testing on the Great Central Railway in 2008, Tornado was granted its mainline running certificate in January 2009 and has since worked heritage and mainline trains across Britain.

In 2017, Tornado became the first steam locomotive to officially reach 100 mph (160 km/h) on British tracks in over 50 years. It was withdrawn in 2021 for an extensive overhaul and returned to service in 2024. The success of Tornado led the A1 Steam Locomotive Trust to launch a new build project for another LNER locomotive, P2 Class 2007 Prince of Wales.