Trinity College Dublin

Trinity College Dublin (Irish: Coláiste na Tríonóide, Bhaile Átha Cliath), officially titled The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, and legally incorporated as Trinity College, the University of Dublin (TCD), is the sole constituent college of the University of Dublin in the Republic of Ireland. Founded by Queen Elizabeth I in 1592 through a royal charter, it is one of the extant seven "ancient universities" of Great Britain and Ireland. Trinity contributed to Irish literature during the Georgian and Victorian eras, and areas of the natural sciences and medicine.

Trinity was established to consolidate the rule of the Tudor monarchy in Ireland, with Provost Adam Loftus christening it after Trinity College, Cambridge. Built on the site of the former Priory of All Hallows demolished by King Henry VIII, it was the Protestant university of the Ascendancy ruling elite for over two centuries, and was therefore associated with social elitism for most of its history. Trinity has three faculties comprising 25 schools, and affiliated institutions include the Royal Irish Academy of Music and the Lir Academy. Trinity College Dublin is a sister college of both Oriel College, Oxford, and St John's College, Cambridge, and by mutual incorporation, the three universities have retained an academic relation since 1636.

The college contains several landmarks such as the Campanile, the GMB, and The Rubrics, as well as the historic Old Library. Trinity's legal deposit library serves both Ireland and the United Kingdom, and has housed the Book of Kells since 1661, the Brian Boru harp since 1782, and a copy of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic since 1916. A major destination in Ireland's tourism, the campus receives over two million visitors annually, and has been used as a location in movies and novels. The university was also involved in the First World War, noticeably in the Defence of Gallipoli at the Dardanelles.

Notable alumni of Trinity include Irish literary figures Oscar Wilde, Jonathan Swift, Samuel Beckett, Oliver Goldsmith, Bram Stoker, Sheridan Le Fanu, and Sally Rooney; philosophers George Berkeley and Edmund Burke; leaders Lord Carson and Éamon de Valera; and the writers of the Game of Thrones TV series. Trinity researchers invented the binaural stethoscope, steam turbine, hypodermic needle, seismology, and linear algebra; performed the first artificial nuclear reaction and transmutation; coined the term electron; and co-invented the graphophone. Alumni and faculty include 56 Fellows of the Royal Society, eight Nobel laureates, six Copley Medalists, five Victoria Cross and five Pour le Mérite recipients, and 14 Chief Justices of the Supreme Court.