Triptane
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
2,2,3-Trimethylbutane | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| 1730756 | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.006.680 | ||
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1206 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| C7H16 | |||
| Molar mass | 100.205 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless liquid | ||
| Odor | Odorless | ||
| Density | 0.693 g mL−1 | ||
| Melting point | −26 to −24 °C; −15 to −11 °F; 247 to 249 K | ||
| Boiling point | 80.8 to 81.2 °C; 177.3 to 178.1 °F; 353.9 to 354.3 K | ||
| Vapor pressure | 23.2286 kPa (at 37.7 °C) | ||
Henry's law constant (kH) |
4.1 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 | ||
| −88.36·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.389 | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
213.51 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
292.25 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−238.0 – −235.8 kJ mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−4.80449 – −4.80349 MJ mol−1 | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
| Danger | |||
| H225, H302, H305, H315, H336, H400 | |||
| P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331 | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | −7 °C (19 °F; 266 K) | ||
| 450 °C (842 °F; 723 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 1–7% | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related alkanes |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
Triptane, or 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C7H16 or (H3C-)3C-C(-CH3)2H. It is therefore an alkane, specifically the most compact and heavily branched of the heptane isomers, the only one with a butane (C4) backbone.
It was first synthesized in 1922 by Belgian chemists Georges Chavanne (1875–1941) and B. Lejeune, who called it trimethylisopropylmethane.
Due to its high octane rating (112–113 RON, 101 MON) triptane was produced on alkylation units starting from 1943 for use as an anti-knock additive in gasoline. It was extensively researched for this role and received the modern name in the late 1930s at a joint laboratory of NACA, National Bureau of Standards, US Army Air Corps and the Bureau of Aeronautics.
As of 2011, it was not a significant component of US automobile gasoline, present only in trace amounts (0.05–0.1%).