Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran)

The Union of Iranian Communists (UIC), unofficially translated as the League of Iranian Communists (Persian: اتحادیه کمونیست‌های ایران, romanized: Ettehâdiyye-ye Komunist-hâ-ye Irân, lit. 'Union of the Communists of Iran') and simply known by its former armed branch's name Sarbedaran (/ˌsɑːrbɪdəˈrɑːn/; Persian: سربداران, romanized: Sarbedârân, lit. 'the head-on-gallow mass'), was a Maoist organization in Iran. The UIC(S) was formed in 1976 after the alliance of a number of Maoist groups carrying out military actions within Iran. The group prepared an insurrection starting in 1981, but it was dismantled by 1982.

Although it has gone through several ideological changes, it has maintained a general Maoist viewpoint advocating that Iran is not a capitalist society but a "semicolonial-semifeudal" one. In 2001 the UIC(S) became the Communist Party of Iran (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist).