Vagus nerve stimulation

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a medical treatment that involves delivering electrical impulses to the vagus nerve. Initially developed by James Leonard Corning to compress or stimulate the carotid sheath, VNS typically refers to an implantable electrode. However, non-invasive VNS delivered transcutaneously via the auricular branch of the vagus nerve, or through the skin to the cervical nerve, is being investigated in clinical research. Invasive VNS is used as an adjunct treatment for certain types of intractable epilepsy, cluster headaches, migraine, treatment-resistant depression and stroke rehabilitation.